MySql安装方法总结

前言

MySQL version ：5.7

Linux version ：Centos7

（一）安装MySql：方法一

1. 官网下载需要的包

wget \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-common-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-libs-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

1. 把他们下载到 CentOS 的 /usr/local/src 目录下

2. 安装包，注意依赖，需要联网

yum install -y mysql-community-*-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

1. 开启服务器并初始化密码，使用的命令和命令详解：

# 开启MySQL服务器
systemctl start mysqld
# 查看默认生成的密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

1. 登录MySql:

#使用你查到的临时密码进行登录
mysql -u root -p

1. 设置密码等级和修改密码

#设置密码登记
set global validate_password_length=4;
set global validate_password_policy=0;
#修改默认密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '密码';#此处注意修改您的密码

1. 命令查看show variables like 'character%';

2. 需要将表中的数据改为如下：

• 默认表的字符集是拉丁文，后续录入中文会有乱码，所以需要将如下两个改为UTF-8

  character_set_databse

  character_set_server

• 修改配置文件

  vim /etc/my.cnf
  

• 修改后的内容

  # For advice on how to change settings please see
  # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
  [client]
  default-character-set=utf8
  
  [mysql]
  default-character-set=utf8
  
  [mysqld]
  character-set-server=utf8
  #
  # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
  # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
  # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
  #
  # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
  # changes to the binary log between backups.
  # log_bin
  #
  # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
  # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
  # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
  # join_buffer_size = 128M
  # sort_buffer_size = 2M
  # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
  datadir=/var/lib/mysql
  socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
  
  # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
  symbolic-links=0
  
  log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
  pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
  

• 重点部分

  [client]
  default-character-set=utf8
  [mysql]
  default-character-set=utf8
  [mysqld]
  character-set-server=utf8
  

  修改后重启MySql服务